Digital Markets Act (DMA) Gatekeeper Designation Tracker

Under the Digi­tal Mar­kets Act (DMA), accor­ding to Artic­le 3(9) DMA, under­ta­kings are desi­gna­ted as gate­kee­pers in rela­ti­on to spe­ci­fic core plat­form ser­vices. This tra­cker fol­lows tho­se desi­gna­ti­ons, pro­cee­dings that ended wit­hout a cur­rent desi­gna­ti­on, and pen­ding desi­gna­ti­on proceedings.

As of 5 Octo­ber 2026, seven under­ta­kings are desi­gna­ted as DMA gate­kee­pers in rela­ti­on to 23 curr­ent­ly desi­gna­ted core plat­form ser­vices. One of the­se ser­vice-spe­ci­fic desi­gna­ti­ons, Face­book Mar­ket­place, is no lon­ger in force becau­se the Com­mis­si­on sub­se­quent­ly with­drew the desi­gna­ti­on and the Gene­ral Court later annul­led the ori­gi­nal desi­gna­ti­on decision.

Current DMA Gatekeepers and Designations

The fol­lo­wing table lists the core plat­form ser­vices curr­ent­ly desi­gna­ted under the DMA. It also indi­ca­tes the rele­vant Com­mis­si­on decis­i­on and DMA case num­ber as well as the cur­rent sta­tus of the desi­gna­ti­on, inclu­ding judi­cial review whe­re applicable.

Gate­kee­per / ser­viceDesi­gna­ted core plat­form ser­viceDecis­i­on / DMA case no.Cur­rent status
Alpha­bet Inc. — Goog­le PlayOnline inter­me­dia­ti­on serviceC(2023) 6101 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100002In force
Alpha­bet Inc. — Goog­le MapsOnline inter­me­dia­ti­on serviceC(2023) 6101 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100011In force
Alpha­bet Inc. — Goog­le ShoppingOnline inter­me­dia­ti­on serviceC(2023) 6101 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100011In force
Alpha­bet Inc. — Goog­le SearchOnline search engineC(2023) 6101 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100004In force
Alpha­bet Inc. — YouTubeVideo-sha­ring plat­form serviceC(2023) 6101 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100005In force
Alpha­bet Inc. — Goog­le AndroidOpe­ra­ting systemC(2023) 6101 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100009In force
Alpha­bet Inc. — Goog­le ChromeWeb brow­serC(2023) 6101 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100008In force
Alpha­bet Inc. — Online adver­ti­sing serviceOnline adver­ti­sing serviceC(2023) 6101 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100010In force
Ama​zon​.com Inc. — Ama­zon MarketplaceOnline inter­me­dia­ti­on serviceC(2023) 6104 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100018In force
Ama​zon​.com Inc. — Ama­zon AdvertisingOnline adver­ti­sing serviceC(2023) 6104 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100016In force
Apple Inc. — App StoreOnline inter­me­dia­ti­on serviceC(2023) 6100 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100013In force; action T‑1080/23 dis­missed in joi­n­ed cases T‑1079/23, T‑1080/23 and T‑214/24; no appeal recorded
Apple Inc. — iOSOpe­ra­ting systemC(2023) 6100 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100025In force; action T‑1080/23 dis­missed in joi­n­ed cases T‑1079/23, T‑1080/23 and T‑214/24; no appeal recorded
Apple Inc. — SafariWeb brow­serC(2023) 6100 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100027In force
Apple Inc. — iPadOSOpe­ra­ting systemC(2024) 2500 final (29 Apr 2024) — DMA.100047In force; desi­gna­ti­on fol­lo­wing a qua­li­ta­ti­ve mar­ket inves­ti­ga­ti­on under Art. 3(8) in con­junc­tion with Art. 17(1) DMA
Boo­king Hol­dings Inc. — Boo​king​.comOnline inter­me­dia­ti­on serviceC(2024) 3176 final (13 May 2024) — DMA.100019In force
Byte­Dance Ltd. — TikTokOnline social net­wor­king serviceC(2023) 6102 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100040In force; action T‑1077/23 dis­missed; appeal C‑627/24 P pending
Meta Plat­forms Inc. — FacebookOnline social net­wor­king serviceC(2023) 6105 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100020In force; action T‑1078/23 dis­missed inso­far as it con­cer­ned the tre­at­ment of Mes­sen­ger as sepa­ra­te from Face­book; appeal C‑909/26 P pen­ding; scope not yet published
Meta Plat­forms Inc. — InstagramOnline social net­wor­king serviceC(2023) 6105 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100020In force
Meta Plat­forms Inc. — WhatsAppNum­ber-inde­pen­dent inter­per­so­nal com­mu­ni­ca­ti­ons serviceC(2023) 6105 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100024In force
Meta Plat­forms Inc. — MessengerNum­ber-inde­pen­dent inter­per­so­nal com­mu­ni­ca­ti­ons serviceC(2023) 6105 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100024In force; desi­gna­ti­on con­firm­ed by the Gene­ral Court in T‑1078/23; appeal C‑909/26 P pen­ding; scope not yet published
Meta Plat­forms Inc. — Meta AdsOnline adver­ti­sing serviceC(2023) 6105 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100035In force
Micro­soft Corp. — LinkedInOnline social net­wor­king serviceC(2023) 6106 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100017In force
Micro­soft Corp. — Win­dows PC OSOpe­ra­ting systemC(2023) 6106 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100026In force

Note: Unless other­wi­se sta­ted, infor­ma­ti­on on judi­cial pro­cee­dings and appeals is cur­rent as of 5 Octo­ber 2026. Whe­re the cur­rent sta­tus is sta­ted sim­ply as ‘In force’, no judi­cial chall­enge to that desi­gna­ti­on has been iden­ti­fied as of that date.

Proceedings Concluded Without a Current Designation

Not every desi­gna­ti­on pro­ce­du­re results in the desi­gna­ti­on of a core plat­form ser­vice. The DMA allows under­ta­kings to rebut the quan­ti­ta­ti­ve pre­sump­ti­on under Artic­le 3(2), and the Com­mis­si­on may inves­ti­ga­te whe­ther a ser­vice should nevert­hel­ess be desi­gna­ted or whe­ther the pre­sump­ti­on has been suf­fi­ci­ent­ly rebutted.

The fol­lo­wing table covers pro­cee­dings that have been con­cluded wit­hout a cur­rent desi­gna­ti­on. It the­r­e­fo­re includes suc­cessful rebut­tals, mar­ket inves­ti­ga­ti­ons that ended wit­hout desi­gna­ti­on, and the sub­se­quent with­dra­wal of the desi­gna­ti­on of Face­book Marketplace.

Com­pa­ny / ser­vicePro­ce­du­reDecis­i­on / DMA case no.Cur­rent status
Alpha­bet — GmailRebut­tal under Art. 3(5) DMAC(2023) 6101 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100006No desi­gna­ti­on; rebut­tal accept­ed wit­hout mar­ket investigation
Apple — iMessageRebut­tal; mar­ket inves­ti­ga­ti­on under Art. 17(3) DMAOpe­ning: C(2023) 6077 final (5 Sep 2023); clo­sing: C(2024) 785 final (12 Feb 2024) — DMA.100022No desi­gna­ti­on; chal­lenges con­cer­ning the pro­cee­dings dis­missed as inad­mis­si­ble in T‑1079/23 and T‑214/24; chall­enge to NIICS clas­si­fi­ca­ti­on in T‑1080/23 like­wi­se inad­mis­si­ble; no appeal recorded
Micro­soft — Out​look​.comRebut­tal under Art. 3(5) DMAC(2023) 6106 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100023No desi­gna­ti­on; rebut­tal accept­ed wit­hout mar­ket investigation
Micro­soft — BingRebut­tal; mar­ket inves­ti­ga­ti­on under Art. 17(3) DMAOpe­ning: C(2023) 6078 final (5 Sep 2023); clo­sing: C(2024) 806 final (12 Feb 2024) — DMA.100015No desi­gna­ti­on fol­lo­wing mar­ket investigation
Micro­soft — EdgeRebut­tal; mar­ket inves­ti­ga­ti­on under Art. 17(3) DMAOpe­ning: C(2023) 6078 final (5 Sep 2023); clo­sing: C(2024) 806 final (12 Feb 2024) — DMA.100028No desi­gna­ti­on; third-par­ty action by Ope­ra Nor­way dis­missed in T‑357/24; no appeal recorded
Micro­soft — Micro­soft AdvertisingRebut­tal; mar­ket inves­ti­ga­ti­on under Art. 17(3) DMAOpe­ning: C(2023) 6078 final (5 Sep 2023); clo­sing: C(2024) 806 final (12 Feb 2024) — DMA.100034No desi­gna­ti­on fol­lo­wing mar­ket investigation
Sam­sung Elec­tro­nics — Sam­sung Inter­net BrowserRebut­tal under Art. 3(5) DMAC(2023) 6103 final (5 Sep 2023) — DMA.100038No desi­gna­ti­on; rebut­tal accept­ed wit­hout mar­ket investigation
Byte­Dance — Tik­Tok AdsRebut­tal under Art. 3(5) DMAC(2024) 3153 final (13 May 2024) — DMA.100042No desi­gna­ti­on; rebut­tal accept­ed wit­hout mar­ket investigation
X — X AdsRebut­tal under Art. 3(5) DMAC(2024) 3156 final (13 May 2024) — DMA.100232No desi­gna­ti­on; rebut­tal accept­ed wit­hout mar­ket investigation
X — X social net­wor­king serviceRebut­tal; mar­ket inves­ti­ga­ti­on under Art. 17(3) DMAOpe­ning: C(2024) 3117 final (13 May 2024); clo­sing: C(2024) 6950 final (16 Oct 2024) — DMA.100041No desi­gna­ti­on fol­lo­wing mar­ket investigation
Meta — Face­book MarketplaceReview under Art. 4(1) DMAC(2025) 2547 final (23 Apr 2025) — DMA.100044No lon­ger desi­gna­ted; Com­mis­si­on with­drew the desi­gna­ti­on; ori­gi­nal desi­gna­ti­on sub­se­quent­ly annul­led by the Gene­ral Court in T‑1078/23
Apple — Apple MapsRebut­tal under Art. 3(5) DMAC(2026) 632 final (5 Feb 2026) — DMA.100014No desi­gna­ti­on; rebut­tal accept­ed wit­hout mar­ket investigation
Apple — Apple AdsRebut­tal under Art. 3(5) DMAC(2026) 632 final (5 Feb 2026) — DMA.100045No desi­gna­ti­on; rebut­tal accept­ed wit­hout mar­ket investigation

Pending DMA Gatekeeper Designation Proceedings

The Com­mis­si­on is curr­ent­ly con­duc­ting qua­li­ta­ti­ve mar­ket inves­ti­ga­ti­ons con­cer­ning Ama­zon Web Ser­vices (AWS) and Micro­soft Azu­re under Artic­le 3(8) in con­junc­tion with Artic­le 17(1) DMA. Both inves­ti­ga­ti­ons were ope­ned on 18 Novem­ber 2025. On 25 June 2026, the Com­mis­si­on published its preli­mi­na­ry view that AWS and Azu­re should be desi­gna­ted under the DMA. The pro­cee­dings remain pending.

Com­pa­ny / ser­vicePro­ce­du­reDecis­i­on / DMA case no.Cur­rent status
Ama­zon — Ama­zon Web Ser­vices (AWS)Qua­li­ta­ti­ve mar­ket inves­ti­ga­ti­on under Art. 3(8) in con­junc­tion with Art. 17(1) DMAC(2025) 7946 final (ope­ned 18 Nov 2025) — DMA.100033Pen­ding; Com­mis­si­on preli­mi­na­ry view of 25 Jun 2026 favours designation
Micro­soft — Micro­soft AzureQua­li­ta­ti­ve mar­ket inves­ti­ga­ti­on under Art. 3(8) in con­junc­tion with Art. 17(1) DMAC(2025) 7947 final (ope­ned 18 Nov 2025) — DMA.100032Pen­ding; Com­mis­si­on preli­mi­na­ry view of 25 Jun 2026 favours designation

Related Market Investigation: Cloud Computing Services

In par­al­lel with the desi­gna­ti­on pro­cee­dings con­cer­ning AWS and Azu­re, the Com­mis­si­on ope­ned ex offi­cio a mar­ket inves­ti­ga­ti­on under Artic­le 19 DMA con­cer­ning cloud com­pu­ting ser­vices on 18 Novem­ber 2025 (DMA.100236). This inves­ti­ga­ti­on does not con­cern the desi­gna­ti­on of an indi­vi­du­al ser­vice. It exami­nes whe­ther the exis­ting obli­ga­ti­ons under the DMA effec­tively address prac­ti­ces in the cloud com­pu­ting sector.

For an over­view of the dif­fe­rent types of mar­ket inves­ti­ga­ti­ons under the DMA, see also our artic­le on DMA mar­ket inves­ti­ga­ti­ons.

Scope and methodology

The tra­cker is based on publicly available Com­mis­si­on decis­i­ons, the Commission’s DMA case regis­ter and decis­i­ons of the EU Courts. It records desi­gna­ti­on pro­cee­dings inso­far as they have been made public.

Pro­cee­dings or noti­fi­ca­ti­ons that have not been publicly dis­c­lo­sed are the­r­e­fo­re not included. In par­ti­cu­lar, noti­fi­ca­ti­ons under Artic­le 3(3) DMA are included only whe­re the Com­mis­si­on has made them public.

Note on AI services

No desi­gna­ti­on pro­cee­ding con­cer­ning a stan­da­lo­ne AI ser­vice has been iden­ti­fied in the Commission’s DMA case regis­ter as of 5 Octo­ber 2026. Accor­ding to the Commission’s infor­ma­ti­on con­cer­ning the first DMA review, AI func­tion­a­li­ties that form an inte­gral part of alre­a­dy desi­gna­ted ser­vices may alre­a­dy fall within the exis­ting desi­gna­ti­on, while stan­da­lo­ne AI ser­vices may in par­ti­cu­lar rai­se ques­ti­ons con­cer­ning the cate­go­ry of vir­tu­al assistants.

About the author

Picture of Author Dr. Sebastian Louven

Dr. Sebastian Louven

I am a German lawyer, a certified specialist in international business law and a partner at louven.legal. I advise and represent companies on competition law, telecommunications regulation and the regulation of digital markets. I also publish and teach regularly in these fields.
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